International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 2

International Business - Essay Example isolated from the fact that most countries wanted to protect their sovereignty and independence, in that location were other factors that Hill (2009) noted as being a cause to reasons countries were not opening up to each other in cost of dispense. Some of these factors have been named to include geographic distance, time zone differences, language, differences in government regulation, culture, and business systems. With time, there seemed to be two major causes of trade revolution, which was going to lead to an eventual state of international occupation opportunities for most countries. The first of this was the fact that most of the factors listed by Hill (2009) seemed to have had their solutions. For example there became more rapid means of transport cross geographic learnt and the learning of foreign languages increased ( name). The second paying back was that countries started appreciating the benefits they would derive from trading freely among themselves (quote). Today, trade liberalization seem to be a more normal and preferred term to sovereignty.As countries started opening up their doors to each other for international trading to begin, the train to ensure that such international trade were taking place in a state of amend organization of trade was necessitated. Quickly, technology would be employed for most of the processes and acts of international trading, making integration, regularization of trade and non-physical commerce even easier. At the point that technology was merged into international trade was the point that quote (year) argues that the wake of world(prenominal)ization was born. In this essay there is a discussion on globalization, which is today employ as a term not only to define the notion that countries trade among themselves but that countries atomic number 18 now moving towards a world in which national economies are merging into an interdependent global economic system. By glo bal economic system, reference is being made to the fact that the kind of economic relations

What is the state of corporate governance in the UK, USA, EU, Literature review

What is the state of corporate governance in the UK, USA, EU, Australia, Japan and the GCC countries - Literature review ExampleIt a discipline that focuses mainly on existing relationships between a companys top direction, its stockholders, boards, regulators, early(a) stakeholders and auditors, and is a system by which companies are directed and controlled (Corporate Governance, nd., p.11). The system takes into account various market and regulatory structures, while also considering objectives for governing business firms. As OECD framed it, Corporate governance involves a strike off of relationships between a companys management, its board, its shareholders and other stakeholders. Corporate governance also provides the structure through with(predicate) which the objectives of the company are set, and the means of attaining those objectives and monitoring per machinateance are determined (OECD, 2004, p. 11). ... pted for preventing or diminishing litigious issues arising main ly from conflicts of interests include institutions, customs, procedures, laws and policies, which affect the manner in which a business firm is regulated (Cadbury, 1992, p. 15). An significant theory within corporate governance deals with the extent and nature ofliabilityof those concerned in the running of thebusiness. Another related yet polar theory within corporate governance deals with its effects on economic efficacy that mainly focuses on the welfare of its shareholder (Haidar,2009). In large corporations that have different management and ownership with no regulating shareholder, theagent-principal issuesmay crop up between top management (an agent) that may have varying interests and may possess more information than the firms shareholders which form the principals. The main problem in this field arises when the board of directors instead of managing on behalf of the company shareholders become divide from the latter, while becoming to more loyal to the firms managemen t (Bebchuk andJesse, 2006). This dimension is often express in many of the current public debates, and is taken into consideration while framing regulatory policies. shortly there has been a great deal of interest in studying theories and practices of corporate governance of modern business firms, especially in the context of liability, after the bankruptcy of many of the well-known MNCs during 2002 and again during 2007-09 economic crisis, which concerned primarily accounting fraud (Haidar,2009). Various corporate scandalsat different times, over the past tense few years, have led to sustained interests from both political and public world in maintaining a control and regulation over corporate

Two Techniqyes in Hospitals Laboratory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Two Techniqyes in Hospitals Laboratory - Essay ExampleThis paper summarizes each of these methods and provides examples of their relevance to biomedical research and clinical medicine. Flow Cytometry Analytical flow cytometry (AFC) is utilize to assess the biochemical account of cubicles using an optical s bearner in the assessment of individual cells as they are screened individually at a rapid rate (approximately 100 cells per second) through an optical s squirtner (Boddy et al 2001 Givan 2001). This methodology permits quantifiable measurements of molecular(a) components within each cell individually (Davey & Kell 1996 Givan 2001). An important medical use of AFC is the identification of unique(predicate) strains of infectious bacteria in infected cells obtained from patient biopsy (Boddy et al 2001). Once the pathogen is identified, AFC is also used in therapeutic assessment of antibiotics on the clinical course of infection by examining patient cells by AFC post-treatment . In this regard, AFC is an important biomedical tool in the assessment of parameters of clinical sensitivity and resistance of specific bacterial strains to specific therapeutic regimens (Davey & Kell, 1996). In addition, AFC cigarette be used to measure the cellular DNA and protein closeness and the activity of specific enzymes (Roederer 2001). The capability of AFC to assess molecular mental object within individual cells involves the use of fluorescence measurements to modify the biochemical components of cells. In this technique, fluorescent probes are applied to specific cell molecules which are then assessed via the maculation of optical excitation patterns emitted by these optically denominate cell components. (Shapiro 2003). These optical excitation patterns emitted by the fluorescently labeled cell components can be used to pinpoint specific types of molecules and to quantitate their concentrations within the cell (Shapiro 2003). This accuracy is facilitated by the s tandardization of controlled flow by means of hydrodynamic focusing methods (Shapiro 2003). Further analytical sophistication can be achieved by the use of multiple optical beams and two channel detectors to detect two polar cellular signals at the same time in the same scan while providing a gamy sensitivity (Zhong et al 2005). Labeled nanoparticles are also be utilized as probes in the molecular assessment of cell composition (Zhong et al 2005). In addition to biochemical composition, AFC can be used to assess cell proliferation by means of accurately identifying cell cycle composition of dividing mitotic cells. This assessment can be carried out in individual cells (Pozaroski & Darzynkiewicz 2004). This method requires the DNA binding dye propidium iodide (Shapiro 2003). DNA and protein content can be assessed simultaneously in individual cells by means of bivariate analysis and comparisons in the midst of normal cells and tumor cells (Pozaroski & Darzynkiewicz 2004). This tec hnique also permits the evaluation of cell viability on an individual basis and can distinguish cell death resulting from apoptosis versus necrotic mechanisms (Bertho et al 2000). Apoptosis results in a peculiar(prenominal) cell fragmentation into small apoptotic bodies containing fragmented DNA segments this process can be detected by AFC and distinguished from plasma membrane degradation which is characteristic of necrotic cell death mechanisms. Cell viability measurements are an important component of disease assessment with regard to the identification of pathogenic mechanisms that may cause cell

Capital Planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Capital Planning - Research Paper ExampleThat is why it is also known as economic rate of return (ERR). When multiple intentions are presented to the organization, the project that gives the highest internal rate of return every last(predicate)ow for be selected for investment.It is important to know about the sugar present value of the project beca practise then the investor usher out decide whether it is worth investing in a project or not. When multiple projects are presented to the organization, each available future streams of returns, until its full useful life, will be converted to its present value and the project that gives highest net present value will be the most lucrative of the projects that are available for investment. Thus, net present value (NPV) is an appraisal technique to arrive at the conclusion to invest in a most lucrative project, from a financial perspective.Leasing is a novel way of financing machinery, equipment, computer or any other summation with out paying the full amount upfront. The lessor (financer) and the lessee (receiver of the asset) are the two parties involved in any leasing agreement in which the lessee needs to pay agreed lease charges, monthly or yearly, for the use of the asset. The advantage is that the person need not worry about arranging funds to buy the asset. It is break to lease an asset in which obsolescence rate is quite high. When one is interested in using the asset rather than owning it, it is better to lease the asset (Murray, 2012).d) Comparing outright payment versus present value of all leasing rates to be paid over its useful life. If the present value of the leasing cost is not well higher than outright purchase (around 20%), I would go for leasing the

Business Strategy - multi-national conglomerate Essay

Business Strategy - multi-national conglomerate - Essay ExampleDue to the companys bulky size, it faces problems adjusting to the requirements in rapidly changing foodstuff conditions.1.2.1.1Recommended StrategiesThe company should concentrate on development of cordless tools and securities industryplace them using its effective advertising strategy. The manufacturing plant needs to be relocated to relatively economical world so that the cost of takings can be reduced. Separate positioning is required for consumer and professional tools thus the company should brand them separately. little and manageable Strategic Business Units (SBUs) can be created which are much responsive to the changing market demand and needs. The company should engage the distributors using concept of vertical integration. 1.2.2Makatume overleap of focus on power tools for consumer market channel that is expected to grow. This might result in discharge of revenue to the company.1.2.2.1Recommended Str ategiesThe company needs to address this hack by establishing a division for producing power tools for consumer market including corded and cordless tools. These tools should be developed for individuals and do-it-yourself (DIY) type of users. 1.3Opportunities1.3.1Smith and White CorporationThe ministration of the market consists of several domestic and foreign niche competitors with no one having greater than 5% packet of the total market.The cordless tools market is growing at a high rate and can be tapped.1.3.1.1Recommended StrategiesThe company should focus on developing cordless tools as the market is growing at a very high rate of 10% per year. Research and development budget needs to be established and innovative designs and models should be developed to tap this developing market. In addition, the company should develop strategies to adjoin barriers to presentation for...The manufacturing plant needs to be relocated to relatively economical area so that the cost of pro duction can be reduced. Separate positioning is required for consumer and professional tools hence the company should brand them separately. Smaller and manageable Strategic Business Units (SBUs) can be created which are more responsive to the changing market demand and needs. The company should engage the distributors using concept of vertical integration.The company needs to address this issue by establishing a division for producing power tools for consumer market including corded and cordless tools. These tools should be developed for individuals and Do-It-Yourself (DIY) type of users.The company should focus on developing cordless tools as the market is growing at a very high rate of 10% per year. Research and development budget needs to be established and innovative designs and models should be developed to tap this developing market. In addition, the company should develop strategies to increase barriers to entry for new competitors making it difficult for them to enter the m arket.In addition to raising barriers to entry for electric potential new entrants in to the market, the company should focus on untapped consumer channel power tools m

Business Ethics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

crease Ethics - Research Paper ExampleBut the problem apparently is far from resolved winning into consideration the actual degradation of the environment and changing weather patterns.This paper is a personal envision on the above mentioned balance, the spectrum of ethical responsibly towards the environment. The stand taken is that environmental ethics is a necessity both on paper and in practice for business organizations. But the business should non be solely on the major contributor namely the big polluters.An ideal or at the least a sustainable climate is vital to the survival of all living organisms including humans (Pittock, 1). The outlet is of ut around concern is the reality of climate change. It is a well established fact that pollution of air, domain of a function and water have contributed to this alarming situation. As mentioned in the introduction, economic (immediate) needs often take precession of long-term requirements regarding the survival of the human ra ce in particular and the environment in general. It is to be seen as to who contributes negatively and positively towards global warming and its long-term effects and causes. According to Ray Anderson, one of the most respected industrialists committed towards environmental ethics, it is business and industry that are the main culprits in this whole fibril of events. Being so, this group tail assembly in turn become the major contributors in correcting this alarming situation. He goes on to add that there should be an individual or organization that leads the way and took up the responsibility (successfully) of showcasing his own carpet company larboard as a global example of how business can on their own be path breakers in this regard. What is most admirable is the fact that Interface is a company that uses fossil fuels as a raw material for its products.No one in their right mind would publicly state that they have no responsibility towards the environment. But it is